To cite bbsBayes2 in publication, please use both: Edwards et al. 2025 and Smith et al. 2024 To cite the Breeding Bird Survey data in publication, please use the citation for the relevant data release. This is currently the default 2025 data release

Edwards, B. P. M., A. C. Smith, and S. LaZerte. (2025). bbsBayes2: Hierarchical Bayesian Analysis of North American BBS Data. https://github.com/bbsBayes/bbsBayes2

Smith, A.C., Binley, A., Daly, L., Edwards, B.P.M., Ethier, D., Frei, B., Iles, D., Meehan, T.D., and Michel, N.L., and Smith, P.A. (2024). Spatially explicit Bayesian hierarchical models for avian population status and trends. Ornithological Applications. duad056 https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad056

Ziolkowski, D.J., Lutmerding, M., English, W.B., and Hudson, M-A.R., 2025, North American Breeding Bird Survey Dataset 1966 - 2024: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P14SNUV4

Corresponding BibTeX entries:

  @Misc{,
    title = {bbsBayes2: Hierarchical Bayesian Analysis of North
      American BBS Data. Version 1.1.3},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://github.com/bbsBayes/bbsBayes2},
    author = {{Edwards} and B. P. M. and A. C. Smith and S. LaZerte},
  }

  @Article{,
    title = {Spatially explicit Bayesian hierarchical models for avian
      population status and trends},
    year = {2024},
    journal = {Ornithological Applications},
    volume = {126},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad056},
    doi = {10.1093/ornithapp/duad056},
    author = {{Smith} and {A.C.} and {Binley} and {A.} and {Daly} and
      {L.} and {Edwards} and {B.P.M.} and {Ethier} and {D.} and {Frei}
      and {B.} and {Iles} and {D.} and {Meehan} and {T.D.} and {Michel}
      and {N.L.} and {Smith} and {P.A.}},
  }

  @Misc{,
    title = {North American Breeding Bird Survey Dataset 1966 - 2024},
    version = {2025},
    publisher = {U.S. Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research
      Center.},
    author = {{Ziolkowski} and {D.J.} and {Lutmerding} and {M.} and
      {English} and {W.B.} and {Hudson} and {M-A.R.}},
  }